Does the Situation in Iran Call for a Second Nobel Peace Prize?

Posted by and & filed under Gender, Nobel Peace Prize

Since the last time an Iranian woman was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, the situation in Iran has only got worse. This does not mean that the previous award was a failure.

Friday’s Nobel Peace Prize announcement of the winner for 2023 was an astonishing occurrence. Not because this year’s Nobel Peace Prize was unexpected or unique, quite the opposite: it is almost a carbon copy of the prize awarded exactly 20 years ago.

The 2023 Nobel Peace Prize laureate, Iranian human rights activist Narges Mohammadi in 2007. Photo: Morteza Nikoubazl / Nur Photo via Getty Images

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Putin Uses Valdai Club to Repeat Nuclear Bluff

Posted by & filed under Regions and Powers, Security, Ukraine War

Last week, the annual gathering of the Valdai International Discussion Club was held in Sochi, Russia. Today, this conference does not deserve the attention such events used to have a decade ago, when many Western experts saw it as a unique opportunity to gain access to Russian policy-makers, particularly President Vladimir Putin.

Putin at Valdai October 2023. Photo: President of Russia/kremlin.ru

The only topic touched upon during the conference that stood out from the wishful thinking about the resilience of the Russian economy and the platitudes on the shifts in world order was the pronounced emphasis on the nuclear theme.

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Community Deprivation Drives Far-Right Violence

Posted by , and & filed under Cities and Populations, Urbanization and Environment

Using disaggregated data for England, the authors show that community deprivation drives far-right violence. Their research reveals how deprivation fuels it, and how it may be possible to predict where such violence is likely, even when we cannot predict who may be carrying out attacks. They also suggest that efforts to reduce community deprivation can also help reduce political violence.

Harehills, Leeds, UK. Photo: Daniel Harvey Gonzalez/In Pictures via Getty Images

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Winter in the Long War Is Coming for Russia

Posted by & filed under Ukraine War

Russia’s strategy for prevailing in the long war with Ukraine does not have a protracted timeline and looks no further than 2024.

The Kremlin in the winter. Photo: Vyacheslav Argenberg / Wikimedia Commons

This strategy is based on three premises:

  • economic performance will keep the war machine going;
  • Western support for Ukraine will erode and contract;
  • and the Ukrainian army’s capacity to conduct offensive operations will be exhausted.

All three are set to be tested during the winter, but it is Russia’s economic trajectory that came into focus over the past week.Read More

Ola Listhaug (1949–2023)

Posted by and & filed under Peace Research

Ola Listhaug was an international scholar, a mentor to numerous students and younger colleagues, and an entrepreneurial university administrator. He passed away on 14 September and will be missed by many.

Photo: NTNU

Ola Listhaug was born in the small community of Sjøholt in Western Norway, where he also eventually retired and died. Following studies at the University of Oslo, he moved to Trondheim and obtained his mag.art. degree in Sociology in 1971. As a 24-year-old in 1973, he was engaged as amanuensis in the newly established Department of Sociology and Social Studies (ISS), now the Department of Sociology and Political Science at NTNU. He obtained his PhD in 1988 and was promoted to full professor a few years later.

Ola’s main field was political sociology, particularly electoral research and political behavior. He is probably best known for his contribution to the study of electoral behavior, with Stuart Macdonald and George Rabinowitz. In an article based on survey data gathered in Norway with extensive information on the issue positions of all parties with potential for achieving representation in the parliament, they found support for their directional theory in a European multi-party system. In contrast to the widely favored spatial model of electoral behavior, they found that parties which occupy a centrist position on an issue are not evaluated on the basis of that issue. Voters neither love nor hate a party in the middle. In order to build support on the basis of issues, parties must offer some strong stands. The authors were awarded the Heinz Eulau Prize for the best article in the American Political Science Review in 1991 for that work.Read More

Norway, a New Mining Nation?

Posted by and & filed under Energy Transitions and Conflict

The energy transition and ‘green’ technologies spark enormous demands for minerals. Norway set out to become a supplier of raw materials which, in the current geopolitical tensions, are much needed not only by the country itself but also the European Union.

Activist camp at Repparfjord. Photo taken in 2021 by Zane Datava

In late June 2023, the Norwegian government’s Ministry of Trade, Industry and Fisheries unveiled its ambitious mineral strategy.

Aiming to make Norway a leading mining nation in Europe, the government does not only want to have more extractive projects but also mainly prioritises critical minerals for which exploration permits should be granted much quicker. This seems in line with the national energy commission’s pledge ‘more of everything, faster’. At the same time, the Norwegian mining sector should also become the world’s most sustainable.Read More

“It’s Been More than 40 Days and Sunday Never Came”

Posted by , , , , , , , , , , , and & filed under Civilians in Conflict, Culture and Conflict

The sentence in the heading is often recalled and reshared by many Sudanese people who had to, and still are, enduring war, suffering, and displacement after the breakout of conflict between two armed forces, the Rapid Support Forces of Lt. Gen. Mohammed Hamdan Daglo (also known as Hemedti), and the Sudanese Army under the leadership of gen. Abdel Fatah Al Burhan in Khartoum on April 15th, 2023.

Galal Yousif

A war that is a battle for power between two rival armed forces has forced many to leave or lose their homes, jobs, and even worse, loved ones.

Before the fighting erupted, INSPIRE researchers Katarzyna (Kasia) Grabska and Azza Ahmed A. Aziz in partnership with Reem Aljeally from The Muse multi studios, in Khartoum, Sudan, organised a five day workshop with artists in Khartoum.

Open Space Khartoum opened on the 13th of April 2023 and was the result of over two years of ethnographic research (INSPIRE) with artists in the city. Collectively designed and organised, 15 artists, including visual artists, musicians, photographers and filmmakers, together with the two researchers worked with questions of what inspires their work and what their central themes of creative practice and their interconnectedness with the political and social context of Sudan are.

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Putin and Kim Meet at Russian Cosmodrome

Posted by & filed under Regions and Powers, Security, Ukraine War

On September 13, two armored trains met at a cosmodrome in Russia’s Far East.

While this might read like the beginning of a joke, it is in fact an accurate description of last week’s meeting between Russian President Vladimir Putin and North Korean leader Kim Jong Un.

Kim Jong Un and Vladimir Putin in September 2023. Photo: Vladimir Smirnov, TASS / kremlin.ru

Due to personal security concerns, the location of the two autocrats’ meeting was not announced until right before their two entourages arrived at the Vostochny Cosmodrome, some 1,500 kilometers by rail from Vladivostok (TASS, September 13).

Besides the superficial formalities, little is known about the more substantive content of the talks.Read More

We Could Have Prevented Thousands of Deaths in Libya

Posted by and & filed under Humanitarianism, Regions and Powers

As Libya’s death toll rises due to the massive floods triggered by Hurricane Daniel, it’s normal to wonder if such a catastrophe could have been prevented.

Search and rescue operation teams continue their efforts after the floods caused by the Storm Daniel ravaged the region, in Derna, Libya on September 17, 2023. Photo: Halil Fidan/Anadolu Agency via Getty Images

New research published this month gives a better understanding of how and why countries affected by armed conflict are more vulnerable to disaster.Read More